Hero shots: involved fathers conquering new discursive territory in consumer culture

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we explore how visual expressions of culture offer new discursive territory within which consumer cultural ideals can be negotiated on a global scale. Through a critical visual analysis of the revelatory case Swedish Dads, we find hero shots depicting involved fathers where children’s needs and the hermetic confines of the home take center stage, as opposed to the traditional fatherhood ideals portrayed in western contemporary advertising, media, and popular culture. We demonstrate how the Swedish state’s gender ideology was encoded into a communicative event in the form of hero shots and subsequently dispersed by visual consumers as well as political and commercial stakeholders pushing this particular agenda and/or capitalizing on its tendencies. This in such a way that the event conquered new discursive territory fostering new types of consumer cultural negotiations on fatherhood ideals also in other cultural settings.     

基于中国传统绘画的园林空间非透视性 探究

中国传统绘画对造园影响深远，二者一脉相承，不可分割。由中国画独特的画面秩序和组织结构产生的以非透视手法空间营造的现象引发了对于园林中类似效果的观察与思考。总结了5种用于对照分析绘画与园林的非透视性手法：时空连续与无尽空间、分解重构与消解空间、内部画框与重叠空间、镜像构图与虚实空间，以及近小远大与尺度模糊。意在找到一个新的角度解读古典园林的空间构成，为当下传统造园的传承和创新提供理论参考。     

基于GIS的城市公园避雨设施可达性 研究——以福州沙滩公园为例

公园避雨设施作为城市公园内部重要的组成部分， 应对突发降雨和台风等气象，对游客起着避雨停留、保障安全 的关键作用。以福州沙滩公园为例，基于GIS的费用加权距离 法，结合青年人、中年人、老年人这3个群体在公园不同路面 上的行进时间成本，分析了公园避雨设施对应3个群体的可达 性与服务情况。结果表明：1)基于费用加权距离法，对公园 不同路面赋予时间成本，从而分析避雨设施的可达性，此方法 能准确地评价城市公园避雨设施的服务情况；2)福州沙滩公 园的避雨设施可达性较好，青年人、中年人、老年人在0~30s 内能到达避雨设施的区域分别占公园可行走面积的86.86%、 84.27%和75.61%，占据了大部分服务区域；3)福州沙滩公 园的避雨设施服务能力较好，可以同时承载1 584人进行避 雨，接近公园最大游人容量的90%。城市公园避雨设施可达性 研究是衡量公园绿地服务功能的有效手段之一，以期为公园建 设者合理规划布局公园内部设施提供参考。     

基于老年人冬季健身行为特征的寒地城市健身场地可达性研究——以哈尔滨市南岗区为例

寒地冬季的严酷气候条件会对老年人口的健身活动及城市健身场地的可达性产生负面影响，选取哈尔滨市南岗区的18个街道，利用网络问卷调查和统计分析对参与冬季健身活动的寒地老年人口的基本社会属性、老年人冬季健身行为特征和健身出行特征三方面进行调查和量化分析。基于以上特征，利用网络分析和两步移动搜寻法对南岗区各街道进行健身场地可达性评价，结果表明：1)整体健身场地可达性仍然较低；2)健身场地分布不均衡；3)健身场地可达性分布与参与健身活动的老年人口需求不匹配。以此为依据，结合健身场地可达性的影响因素，为未来的寒地城市健身场地规划提供对策与建议。     

城市游憩绿地可达性优化研究

绿地可达性是反映绿地合理布局、公平使用的重要指标，提高绿地可达性有助于绿地的高质量发展。基于ArcGIS网络分析法，通过可达性指数和服务强度计算，分别从空间布局和居民使用的角度对云南省普洱市城市规划区游憩绿地进行可达性分析。结果表明：游憩绿地空间布局总体合理，供给总体满足居民需求；但还存在少部分居住区可达性较差，少部分游憩绿地过渡使用的情况。根据空间布局和供给水平分析结果，从绿地空间布局和品质2个方面提出优化建议，指明今后绿地优化的重点和方向。     

Informal household preparedness: methodological approaches to everyday practices

Abstract

Despite increasing attention to individuals’ everyday lives in the literature on risk, few studies investigate household preparedness within the everyday life context. Preparedness is most often regarded as a predefined set of capacities for dealing with emergencies. This article presents methodological approaches for studying what I suggest calling informal preparedness activities that are performed as part of daily life in households. Starting with the assumption that everyday life is enacted through culturally and socially shared practices, it is argued that preparedness is interwoven into these practices. Contrary to studying preparedness as the degree to which households are aware of and act according to a formal definition of preparedness, informal household preparedness focuses on preparedness as embedded in the routinised practices that make up everyday life. The study of informal household preparedness is based on three methodological approaches that explore these practices: (i) Performance of everyday practices, where interviews that focus on performance ask questions about what practitioners actually do; (ii) materiality, where walk-alongs are used to connect performance interviews to the material surroundings; and (iii) visualisation, where the material aspects of informal preparedness are documented. These approaches were carried out in a study of Norwegian households’ management of and preparedness for electricity and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure breakdowns. Addressing informal and formal preparedness activities expands our understanding of household preparedness and should help policy makers recognise the active role of households and their actual resources and constraints in future preparedness planning.     

A map traceability management scheme for security control

ABSTRACT

A map traceability management scheme for security control is proposed utilising visual cryptography and Quick Response Code. The map information is classified into two categories: the public information MPI and the traceable map information MTI, and they are both converted into QR codes. Map shares MS and control shares CS are generated according to extended multiple visual cryptographic scheme. MPI can be obtained by scanning the MS, while MTI can be got by overlaying the MS on CS which is only accessible to management units, so it can identify every map and provide the basis for the traceability management.     

Measuring the spatial accessibility to fire stations using enhanced floating catchment method

Enhancing the spatial accessibility of population to fire services is a key strategy to help improve emergency response, minimise property loss, and reduce injuries and deaths. Given its significance for fire service policy and strategic planning, we draw on small area population forecasts, fire station locations and the road network, and employ the enhanced two-step floating catchment method to compute the levels of spatial accessibility of population to fire services in relation to current and future population growth in Brisbane, Australia. Results show that lower levels of spatial accessibility to fire services exist in the most populated areas compared to those that are least populated. Further, we reveal that some areas are more likely to suffer a reduction in spatial accessibility than others. Spatial accessibility of population to fire services over the period to 2036 is likely to reduce as a consequence of rising demand for service. The identification of locales that experience lower levels of accessibility to fire services will enable fire services agencies to strategically plan infrastructure investment and help enhance the operational efficiency of emergency response.     

基于CiteSpace的国内城市治理研究可视化分析

城市治理作为国家治理体系的重要组成部分，推进城市治理现代化是实现国家治理现代化的重要突破口。为深入剖析城市治理研究的热点主题及发展趋势，借助CiteSpace可视化文献分析软件，对中国知网收录的820篇城市治理核心文献进行分析。结果表明：国内城市治理研究发文量呈现逐年递增趋势，研究作者与机构较多，但合作程度相对较低；研究热点关键词主要集中在城市治理、社区治理、协同治理、公众参与、大数据等方面；热点主题主要围绕城市治理价值意蕴、运行模式、体系建构以及推进路径4个方面展开；研究前沿趋势集中在政府治理、治理模式、人工智能、党建引领等方面。基于以上分析，围绕研究力量、研究内容以及研究方法提出未来改进方向。     

Exploring the role of worker income and workplace characteristics on the journey to work

Traditional trip distribution processes that rely heavily on gravity models fail to capture how the characteristics of individuals or the heterogeneity in the attributes of attraction zones may influence the accessibility to jobs and, therefore, journey-to-work patterns. Different approaches, such as destination choice models, are not generally applied because of limited data availability and calibration requirements. This paper proposes an alternative approach to overcome this challenge by combining a utility-based measure of accessibility and a maximum range of commuting distance to predict the journey-to-work patterns of individual worker-agents using an open-access database. A multinomial logit model is estimated and an agent-based model is developed using data from the Census Transportation Planning Products (CTPP) 5-year database. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using a case study based on Tippecanoe County, Indiana, and the results are compared to a double-constrained gravity model. Results indicate that the utility functions derived from the CTPP database can replicate the aggregated journey-to-work patterns by income levels. Furthermore, it was found that the utility functions for low-, middle-, and high-household income groups could be different. Finally, while a calibrated gravity model could produce a trip-length distribution and average commuting distance more similar to observed data, the destination choice model provides more insights into the trip patterns across different household income groups, thereby providing a better basis for policy analysis.